LR and RC circuits

L-R Series circuit ( inductor in series with resistor ) :

A resistor–inductor circuit (RL circuit) is an electric circuit composed of resistors and inductors driven by a voltage or current source. A first order RL circuit is composed of one resistor and one inductor and is the simplest type of RL circuit.

Using kirchoff’s voltage law

According to the law, the sum of voltages at junction is zero. The sum of the voltage due to the resistance as well as the inductance should be zero.

à voltage in resistor

à voltage in inductor

 

 time constant

 steady state current

  Transient curve for an LR series circuit:

  

R-C CIRCUIT ( Capacitor series with Resistor) :

A resistor–capacitor circuit (RC circuit) is an electric circuit composed  of resistors and capacitors driven by a voltage or current source.  A first order RC circuit is composed of one resistor and one capacitor and is the simplest type of RC circuit.

RC circuits can be used to filter a signal by blocking certain frequencies and passing others. 

Apply Kirchoff’s voltage law

    

 is time constant for an RC circuit.

 is maximum current in RC circuit.

In AC Circuit :

Type of circuit	Impedance
Purely resistive circuit	Z = R
Purely inductive circuit
Purely capacitive circuit
L-R Circuit
L-C circuit
L-C-R circuit