Logic Puzzle 4 [With Answers]

Puzzle-1: You have a basket containing ten apples. You have ten friends, who each desire an apple. You give each of your friend’s one apple.

Now all your friends have one apple each, yet there is an apple remaining in the basket.
How?

Answer: You give an apple each to your first nine friends, and a basket with an apple to your tenth friend.

Each friend has an apple, and one of them has it in a basket. (Alternative answer: one friend already had an apple and put it in the basket.)

Puzzle-2: You have three bags, each containing two marbles. Bag A contains two white marbles, Bag B contains two black marbles, and Bag C contains one white marble and one black marble.

You pick a random bag and take out one marble.

It is a white marble.

What is the probability that the remaining marble from the same bag is also white?

Answer: 2/3 (not 1/2).

You know that you do not have Bag B (two black marbles) so there are three possibilities you chose Bag A, first white marble. The other marble will be white

You chose Bag A, second white marble. The other marble will be white

You chose Bag C, the white marble. The other marble will be black

So 2 out of 3 possibilities are white.

Why not 1/2? You are selecting marbles, not bags.

Puzzle-3: How many steps are required to break an m × n sized bar of chocolate into 1 × 1 pieces? 

You can break an existing piece of chocolate horizontally or vertically. 

You cannot break two or more pieces at once (so no cutting through stacks).

Answer: You need m×n - 1 steps.

By breaking an existing piece horizontally or vertically, you merely increase the total number of pieces by one. 

You already have 1 piece, so need m×n - 1 steps to get to m×n pieces.

Puzzle-4: A man is stranded on an island covered in forest.

One day, when the wind is blowing from the west, lightning strikes the west end of the island and sets fire to the forest. The fire is very violent, burning everything in its path, and without intervention the fire will burn the whole island, killing the man in the process.

There are cliffs around the island, so he cannot jump off.

How can the man survive the fire? (There are no buckets or any other means to put out the fire)

Answer: The man picks up a piece of wood and lights it from the fire on the west end of the island.
He then quickly carries it near the east end of he island and starts a new fire. The wind will cause that fire to burn out the eastern end and he can then shelter in the burnt area.

The man survives the fire, but dies of starvation, with all the food in the forest burnt.

Puzzle-5: You are at an unmarked intersection ... one way is the City of Lies and another way is the City of Truth. 

Citizens of the City of Lies always lie.

Citizens of the City of Truth always tell the truth.

A citizen of one of those cities (you don't know which) is at the intersection. What question could you ask to them to find the way to the City of Truth?

Answer: You ask "In which of those two directions do you live?"

A Citizen of the City of Lies will point to the City of Truth.

A Citizen of the City of Truth will point to the City of Truth.