Distribution of current and voltage in parallel and series

         Here is a brief explanation to know about the distribution of current and voltage in                    series and parallel connections.

 Distribution of current in parallel connection:

         When all the devices are connected using parallel connections, the circuit is referred to as a parallel circuit. In a parallel circuit, each device is placed in its own separate branch. The     presence of branch lines means that there are multiple pathways by which charge can traverse the external circuit. 

       When resistors are connected in parallel, the potential difference across them is equal and current gets divided in inverse ratio of their resistance. Because 

 where, i is the current, V is the voltage and R is the resistance.

And for parallel circuit V remain same so

For example

       so 

 Distribution of potential in series circuit : When resistors are connected in series, the  current through is same and potential is distributed in the ratio of their resistances  because 

                  And for same i, 

   

                  For example, 

                 so 

            

  

     Finding out equivalent emf of more than one dissimilar cells connected in parallel:

     

     Suppose n number of cells having emf’s  and their internal resistances are   are connected in parallel as shown. The complete network can be replaced by    a single source of emf    and internal resistance .

            

                 and

      

                  or

     For two cells in parallel.

Please note that positive terminals of all the cells are at one point and negative terminals at other common point. If some of the cells are oppositely connected then,