1. Electrons will flow from the electrode of
higher negative charge density to the electrode with lower negative electric
charge density.
2. A property closely related to the density of
negative electric charge is called the electrode potential.
3. Potential difference between the metal and
metal ion in which electrode is dipped is called electrode potential.
Standard electrode
potentials: In standard
state, i.e., when pressure is 1 atm and concentration is 1M, the electrode
potential is called standard electrode potential denoted as E°. Temperature is
generally taken as 298 K.
For example:
⇒ E°Cl¯|Pt(Cl₂) is a standard electrode potential of the half-cell Cl¯(aq)|Pt(Cl₂)
⇒ E°AgCl|Cl¯(aq) is the standard oxidation potential of the half–cell Ag, AgCl|(-)Cl¯(aq)
⇒ E°cell (or) Ecell is the potential difference between the two half cells
⇒ E°cell = E°OX + E°red
⇒ Ecell = EOX + Ered
⇒ If E°OX = xV then E°red = - xV
⇒ E°Cu²⁺|Cu = 0.34V then E° Cu|Cu²⁺ = - 0.34V
⇒ E°cell = E°right - E°left.
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